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Conspicuous Correlation: November 2007

In light of yesterday’s results for Producer Prices, and Retail Sales and Today’s results for Consumer Prices, I’m reworking my analysis of the possible correlation between falling home values and declining consumption of the most “discretionary” retail items.

On a “nominal” basis, there appeared to be “rough correlation” between strong home value appreciation and strong retail spending preceding the housing bust and an even stronger correlation when home values started to decline.

The following charts show the initial analysis plotting the year-over-year change to an aggregate series consisting of the primary discretionary retail sales categories that I termed the “discretionary” retail sales series and the year-over-year change to the S&P/Case-Shiller Composite home price index since 1993 and since 2000.

As you can see there was, at the very least, a coincidental change to home values and consumer spending during the boom and then the bust, but as home values have continued to decline, retail spending has remained low but has not continued to consistently contract.

One problem with this initial analysis is that both retail sales and the S&P/Case-Shiller Composite index are reported in “nominal” (i.e. non-inflation adjusted) terms and thus result in a somewhat skewed view especially for the retail sales data.

In fact, the year-over-year change to “nominal” discretionary retail sales has been positive for the last seven months while the year-over-year change to “real” discretionary retail sales has been negative for twelve straight months (see the following chart).

The key point here is that although inflation (as reported by the CPI) has been relatively stable in recent years it is always a factor and in light of the latest surprise increases to the PPI and CPI results as well as many anecdotal reports of producers now passing through increasing energy prices to the consumer, it’s important to adjust retail sales (and home values) in order to fully understand its direction.

As you can see from the above charts (click for larger version), adjusted for inflation (CPI for retail sales, CPI less shelter for S&P/Case-Shiller Composite) the “rough correlation” between the year-over-year change to the “discretionary” retail sales series and the year-over-year S&P/Case-Shiller Composite series seems now even more significant.

Given the anecdotal accounts of homeowners drawing equity out of their homes with refi’s and HELOCs and using the proceeds to buy consumer goods, it could be interesting to attempt to “shift” the retail spending in time as the decline to home values would surely precede a pullback in consumer spending but for now I’ll leave it aligned and work on the shifting in a later post.

To make the analysis even a bit more formal (at the prompting of reader Deejayoh) I also plotted the year-over-year changes an overlaid a 12 month moving Pearson’s correlation in order to see the “exact” correlation between the two data series (click for larger chart).

As you can see, although there was a significant correlation of the declines of these series starting in August 2006, this relationship has been falling away as real home values consistently contract and real retail sales remain negative but not falling as consistently.

This is probably a reasonable conclusion as expecting perfectly correlated changes in home values and consumer spending seems unlikely BUT it is probably important to note that home values and the level of consumer spending on discretionary items are in fact both consistently contracting.

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  • In light of recent increases to consumer prices and declining retail sales, I’ve reworked my analysis of the possible correlation between falling home values and declining consumption of the most “discretionary” retail items.

    On a “nominal” basis, there appeared to be “rough correlation” between strong home value appreciation and strong retail spending preceding the housing bust and an even stronger correlation when home values started to decline.

  • Today, the U.S. Census Bureau released its latest nominal read on retail sales showing a decline of 0.6% from January 2008 and a 2.6% increase since February 2007 on an aggregate of all items including food, fuel and healthcare services.

    Discretionary retail sales including home furnishings, home garden and building materials, consumer electronics and department store sales, on the other hand, experienced a significant decline falling 0.38% since January 2008 and 1.88% compared to February 2007.

    Further, adjusted for inflation, discretionary retail sales declined 5.74% since February 2007.

  • Today, the U.S. Census Bureau released its latest nominal read on retail sales showing a increase of 0.2% from February 2008 and 2.0% since March 2007 on an aggregate of all items including food, fuel and healthcare services.

    Discretionary retail sales including home furnishings, home garden and building materials, consumer electronics and department store sales, on the other hand, experienced a significant decline falling 0.58% since February 2008 and 3.66% compared to March 2007.

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  • Today, the U.S. Census Bureau released its latest nominal read on retail sales showing 0.3% growth from December 2007 and 3.9% compared to January 2007 on an aggregate of all items including food, fuel and healthcare services.

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    Further, adjusted for inflation, discretionary retail sales declined 6.48% since January 2007, the single largest monthly decline since at least January 1993.

  • Today, the Commerce Department released their monthly Retail Sales Report for October which continued to show an interesting and, with some pretty significant revisions to past results, even more significant correlation between declining consumer spending, particularly on discretionary items, and the decline in home values.

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  • Today, the National Association of Realtors (NAR) finally released their Pending Home Sales Report for September 2007 showing yet again a truly stark and horrendous continuation of the historic decline to residential housing on a year-over-year basis, both nationally and in every region.

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  • Today, the National Association of Realtors (NAR) released their Pending Home Sales Report for December 2007 showing accelerating weakness to existing home sales activity and a clear continuation of the historic decline to residential housing on a year-over-year basis, both nationally and across every region.

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    Furthermore, the decline to the 10 city composite index declined a record 9.82% as compared to December 2006 far surpassing the all prior year-over-year decline records firmly placing the current decline in uncharted territory in terms of relative intensity.

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  • Today, the U.S. Census Department released its monthly New Residential Home Sales Report for November showing a further deterioration of the already hideous falloff in demand for new residential homes both nationally and in every region as well as again reporting significant downward revisions to August, September and October’s results.

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    Most components experienced weakness as compared to respective peaks set between July and August 2007 with the Office component showing a 5.24% peak decline, the Retail component showing a 2.01% peak decline, the Warehouse component showing a 1.57% peak decline and the Apartment component showing an increase of 2.44% as compared to November 2006.

  • Today, the U.S. Census Bureau released their April read of construction spending again demonstrating the significant extent to which private residential construction is contracting particularly for single family structures while non-residential spending continued to grow essentially in-line with its recent expansion.

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